Ralph Ernest Powers
Ralph Ernest Powers (April 27, 1875 – January 31, 1952) was an American amateur mathematician who worked on prime numbers.
He is credited with discovering the Mersenne primes M89 and M107, in 1911 and 1914 respectively.[1][2] In 1934 he verified that the Mersenne number M241 is composite.[3]
Life
[edit]Powers was born in Fountain, Colorado Territory. Details of his life are little-known,[4] though he appears to have been an employee of the Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad.[5]
Soon after Powers announced the discovery of M107, the Frenchman E. Fauquembergue claimed that he had discovered it earlier, but many of Fauquembergue's other claims were later demonstrated as erroneous; thus, many prefer recognizing Powers as the discoverer, including the well-known Internet resource the PrimePages.
After his own discoveries of Mersenne primes in 1911 and 1914, no Mersenne primes were discovered until Raphael M. Robinson used a computer to find the next two, on January 30, 1952, the night before Powers's death.[4]
Works
[edit]- ‘The Tenth Perfect Number', American Mathematical Monthly, Vol. 18 (1911), pp. 195–7
- ’On Mersenne's Numbers', Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society, Vol. 13 (1914), p. xxxix
- 'A Mersenne Prime', Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society, Vol. 20, No. 10 (1914), p. 531
- ’Certain composite Mersenne's numbers', Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society Vol. 15 (1916), p. xxii
- (with D. H. Lehmer) 'On Factoring Large Numbers', Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society, Vol. 37. No. 10 (1931), pp. 770–76
- ’Note on a Mersenne Number', Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society, Vol. 40, No. 12 (1934), p. 883
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ R. E. Powers (1911). "The Tenth Perfect Number". American Mathematical Monthly. 18 (11): 195–197. doi:10.2307/2972574. JSTOR 2972574.
The article is signed "DENVER, COLORADO, June, 1911"
- ^ [1][dead link] Proc. London Math. Soc. (1914) s2–13 (1): 1. Result presented at a meeting with London Mathematical Society on June 11, 1914. Retrieved 2016-04-17.
- ^ R. E. Powers (1934). "Note on a Mersenne Number". Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society. 40 (12): 883. doi:10.1090/s0002-9904-1934-05994-9.
- ^ a b Obituary by D. H. Lehmer
- ^ Hugh C. Williams (1998). Édouard Lucas and Primality Testing. Wiley. ISBN 978-0-471-14852-4.
External links
[edit]- The Prime Pages website
- Mersenne and Fermat Numbers (Robinson); brief treatment of Powers
- The Tenth Perfect Number, an article by Powers announcing the primality of M89
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